Classification in the niche of industrial AMRs and delivery robots
Autonomous mobile robots for intralogistics handle recurring transport tasks, reduce lead times, and increase process stability. In this category, the T600 series from Pudu Robotics addresses the transport of heavy loads of up to 600 kilograms. Two variants cover different layouts. The T600 is the system with a control handle and touchscreen for workflows with occasional manual interaction. The T600 Underride is a low-profile chassis robot that drives under racks and lifts them independently. Both variants are designed as industrial delivery robots and can be integrated into existing IT and building technology systems. The series is designed for multi-shift operations and dense warehouse environments.
Technical platform and navigation systems
The series utilizes lidar-based environment sensing and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). The T600 combines VSLAM and LiDAR SLAM, while the T600 Underride relies on LiDAR SLAM. Positioning accuracy is plus or minus five centimeters in the default setting and plus or minus one centimeter in the precise docking mode. Both versions travel at a cruising speed of 0.2 to 1.2 meters per second and are designed for 24-hour operation. Runtime without a load is twelve hours. Rapid charging brings the battery from zero to ninety percent in approximately two hours. This makes multiple cycles per day possible without manual handling.
Dimensions, passageways, and obstacles
The T600 measures 960 by 500 by 1350 millimeters. The minimum passage width for safe operation is 70 centimeters. The T600 Underride is significantly lower, measuring 845 by 500 by 255 millimeters. It requires 65 centimeters of clear width and, due to its height, can navigate under shelving units. Both versions are designed for a maximum payload of 600 kilograms. Obstacle traversal is clearly defined. The T600 handles step heights of up to 10 millimeters and gaps up to 35 millimeters. The Underride meets the same specifications. These key figures are crucial for route planning in existing buildings with thresholds, joints, and transitions.
Intelligent traffic strategy and narrow aisles
The series is designed for dense warehouse aisles and mixed operation. Depending on the aisle width and current load, the system automatically chooses between single-lane and dual-lane travel, managing the robot fleet to minimize congestion even during peak times. This aisle management contributes to net floor space efficiency and safety in multi-robot operations.
Safety, projection, and standards
Safety functions address industrial requirements. Documented features include a floor projection element that makes the movement area in front of the robot visible, as well as a multi-stage safety concept consisting of sensor technology and status monitoring. For fleet management and control center integration, the series supports the VDA5050 standard. This compatibility facilitates collaboration with existing systems and third-party robots, reducing integration risks.
Elevator control, prioritization, and building integration
In multi-level buildings, elevator logic is a bottleneck. The series communicates with elevators, monitors their status in real-time, and prioritizes available units. This reduces waiting times at junctions and smoothes the material flow. Additionally, interfaces to electric doors, call buttons, conveyor systems, and dashboards are available. This allows for the automation of transfer points, gate transits, and line connections.
PUDU T600 in detail
The T600 is the heavy-duty delivery robot for standardized transport routes between goods receipt, buffering, picking, and the production line. The control concept consists of a handle, power assist switch, quick-access buttons, and a 10.1-inch touchscreen. This allows tasks to be started, paused, or adjusted directly at the device. This is helpful in hybrid processes where employees occasionally intervene or need to reschedule a rack on short notice. The dimensions allow for use in typical warehouse aisles. The minimum width of 70 centimeters creates space for oncoming traffic and for overtaking maneuvers with coordinated traffic strategies. The maximum payload of 600 kilograms covers Euro pallets with heavy parts, container modules, and picking carts. The travel speed of up to 1.2 meters per second is sufficient to bridge long distances efficiently without compromising work safety. In practice, the T600 accelerates on clear sections, reduces speed in curves, and approaches transfer stations in a controlled manner for millimeter-accurate docking. The documented accuracy in precise mode of plus or minus one centimeter allows for mechanical coupling to conveyors, transfer carts, or docking rails. The power supply is designed for continuity. Twelve hours of runtime without a load, automatic docking, and the option for battery swapping eliminate shift changes without long downtimes. With an empty battery, approximately two hours are sufficient to reach a ninety percent charge level to cover the rest of the day.
PUDU T600 Underride in detail
The Underride addresses areas with high density and shelf blocks. Its height of 25.5 centimeters allows it to drive under racks. The robot positions itself centrally, lifts the target module, and handles its transport to the line, packaging, or buffer. The minimum passage width of 65 centimeters opens up narrow aisles and older buildings. In automated shelf-to-line scenarios, the Underride delivers the racks directly to the workstation. The combination of a low-profile design and a 600-kilogram payload makes this variant an alternative to floor-guided transport systems when layouts change frequently. Using LiDAR SLAM, the robot maintains its position steadily, even if markings, covered floors, or changing lighting conditions make other methods less reliable. The series specifications confirm identical runtime, charging strategy, and travel speed as the T600. This reduces the burden on mixed fleets.
Comparison and selection decision
The choice between T600 and Underride begins with the question of the load carrier. If pallets or heavy carts are the focus and human interaction is part of the process, the T600 plays to its strengths. The control panel facilitates quick ad-hoc changes, and the minimum aisle width of 70 centimeters fits many existing warehouses. If, however, modular racks, FIFO shelving, or rack islands are to be moved and floor density is high, the Underride provides advantages due to its height. It drives under the rack, lifts centrally, and requires little maneuvering space. The documented differences in navigation and passageway width are the guiding criteria here.
Integration into existing IT landscapes
An industrial delivery robot only unfolds its full benefit with clean integration. The T600 series supports VDA5050, an interface widely used by control systems in production environments. This allows order data from ERP or MES to be transmitted to the fleet and enables standardized processing of feedback such as order status, position, or battery condition. Functions for elevators, electric doors, and call buttons are available for building technology. This simplifies cross-departmental workflows between goods receipt, the production line, and shipping. The flexible deployment documented on the product page facilitates layout changes without time-consuming re-planning.
Safety in mixed operations
In warehouses, people, industrial trucks, and AMRs work in close quarters. The T600 series brings a sensor architecture with all-around visibility and defined safety zones for this purpose. The floor projection visualizes the working area and improves communication with employees. The documented obstacle crossing and defined gap bridging help to assess the infrastructure. From an operational perspective, the strategies for narrow aisles reduce conflicts between robots. Elevator prioritization prevents congestion at vertical bottlenecks. Taken together, this results in system behavior that remains predictable, thereby increasing acceptance and safety.
Operating concepts and ROI
The technical data allows for reliable scenarios. With twelve hours of runtime without a load and a travel speed of up to 1.2 meters per second, large distances can be covered with few units in a three-shift operation. Rapid charging to ninety percent in two hours reduces downtime and, together with auto-docking and battery swapping, forms a robust energy management system. In multi-robot fleets, the traffic strategy smoothes capacity utilization. In buildings with multiple levels, elevator control acts as a multiplier. Overall, order lead times decrease, personnel transit times decline, and process quality increases because transport times become reproducible. Exactly these effects contribute to the return on investment. The combination of high payload, dense aisles, and standard integration creates advantages over manually guided transporters or fixed conveyor technology, especially when layouts remain dynamic.
Introduction, mapping, and change management
The path to regular operation follows a set process. First, production areas are measured and stored in the system as a digital map. Relevant aisles, transfer points, safety zones, and restricted areas are defined. Subsequently, the system creates the initial schedules, optimizes speed profiles, and tests bottlenecks. With the documented accuracy, docking situations can be planned in a standardized manner. After commissioning, fleet management monitors battery status, order progress, and potential sources of interference. Layout changes can be implemented without extensive remodeling, as the system reacts flexibly to new route guidance. The fleet strategy for narrow aisles scales accordingly. During the introductory phase, a clear distribution of roles between production, maintenance, and IT is advisable, as topics such as VDA5050 integration, network quality, and elevator control affect multiple areas.
Summary for decision-makers
The PUDU T600 series addresses heavy-duty logistics in production and distribution environments. The T600 combines high payload with a control concept for hybrid processes and uses VSLAM and LiDAR SLAM for robust navigation. The T600 Underride utilizes its low-profile design to access dense shelf blocks and automates the transport of entire racks. Both variants offer twelve hours of runtime, a travel speed of up to 1.2 meters per second, and two-hour rapid charging to ninety percent. The documented dimensions, minimum widths, and obstacle limits facilitate planning in existing buildings. Intelligent traffic management, elevator prioritization, and VDA5050 compatibility round off its industrial suitability. Companies receive a scalable platform for autonomous material transport with reliable technical specifications and a clear path to integration into existing control systems and building technology.